Aquinas? Fifth Way Of Proving Essay -- essays research papers

doubting Thomas Fifth Way of proving the existence of theology wonderBriefly summarize Aquinas Fifth Way of proving the existence of immortal. What counter- seam does Hume cite in repartee to this argument from Design? What is John Hicks answer to Humes argument from Evil? Is he right?Thomas Aquinas theorized five different discursive arguments to prove the existence of God utilizing scientific hypotheses and prefatorial assumptions of nature. In the 5th of his famous Five Ways, Aquinas eagernesss forth the assumption that all subjective bodies move toward an end. Since bodies are constantly moving in the better way possible to achieve that end, the path must be designed. God, of course, is the ultimate designer of the universe. The natural hypothesis that follows is that God created the universe, including the human race, for a figure or to achieve an end, and thus the universe and all life moves toward that end constantly and in the best manner possible.Later philosophe rs who studied Aquinas fifth way realized that this theorem is plagued with a fuss, the problem of execration. In David Humes Design, through the art of conversation and Socratic debate, the two main characters in his essay set forth and decipher the problems of evil and how it may disprove Aquinas fifth way among countless early(a) theories of creation by a omnipotent, omniscient and beneficent God. Hume apologizes that if God created the universe to achieve an end, and if the path toward that end is the best manner to that end, then how does mavin explain the existence of evils in the universe such as natural disasters, pain, disappointment, anger, sickness and despair.Hume uses the two characters in his essay to display the human point of view regarding the problem of evil, so that he can theorize using actual human experience, feelings, and sensations rather than logical assumptions and scientific hypotheses regarding a universe outside and beyond our bear human existenc e. The essay suggests that the human experience is usually, for the nigh part, an unhappy unrivaled. Hume believes that all human being experience pain, sickness, anguish, nervousness, fear, sadness, embarrassment in some point during their lives. The good feelings humans experience in life, such as joy, love, firing and pleasure are often few and far between and always less enduring than the evil feelings. For example, I... ... the existence of God and the problem of evil, my mind keeps planetary to one example of human life, Christopher Reeves. He is a man who was blessed with looks, career success as an actor and celebrity, and a happy marriage. One twenty-four hours he becomes paralyzed from the neck down losing everything even the capacity to breath. If God sees this and can change his condition, why doesnt He? Has is made Reeves a improve man or enriched his soul as Hicks would say? Surely Reeves life is filled with unhappiness and suffering. Does one have to be aware that they are in the process of soulmaking? And is soulmaking supposed to be good for the individual, for the world at large or just for God?If I could answer these questions, there would be no need for the study of philosophy, as they have no correct answer. I do believe in God, but I do not populate why except for a feeling inside which may be inborn or the settlement of my environment. David Humes philosophies are based upon trusting ones feelings as is evidenced by his reliance on poets instead of scientists. I think I will also go with my feelings on this issue. God does exist but humans may never have the capacity to understand the Hows and Whys. Aquinas? Fifth Way Of Proving Essay -- essays research papers Aquinas Fifth Way of proving the existence of GodQuestionBriefly summarize Aquinas Fifth Way of proving the existence of God. What counter-argument does Hume cite in answer to this argument from Design? What is John Hicks answer to Humes argument from Evi l? Is he right?Thomas Aquinas theorized five different logical arguments to prove the existence of God utilizing scientific hypotheses and basic assumptions of nature. In the fifth of his famous Five Ways, Aquinas sets forth the assumption that all natural bodies move toward an end. Since bodies are constantly moving in the best way possible to achieve that end, the path must be designed. God, of course, is the ultimate designer of the universe. The natural hypothesis that follows is that God created the universe, including the human race, for a purpose or to achieve an end, and thus the universe and all life moves toward that end constantly and in the best manner possible.Later philosophers who studied Aquinas fifth way realized that this theorem is plagued with a problem, the problem of evil. In David Humes Design, through the art of conversation and Socratic debate, the two main characters in his essay set forth and decipher the problems of evil and how it may disprove Aquinas fi fth way among countless other theories of creation by a omnipotent, omniscient and benevolent God. Hume explains that if God created the universe to achieve an end, and if the path toward that end is the best manner to that end, then how does one explain the existence of evils in the universe such as natural disasters, pain, disappointment, anger, sickness and despair.Hume uses the two characters in his essay to display the human point of view regarding the problem of evil, so that he can theorize using actual human experience, feelings, and sensations rather than logical assumptions and scientific hypotheses regarding a universe outside and beyond our own human existence. The essay suggests that the human experience is usually, for the most part, an unhappy one. Hume believes that all humans experience pain, sickness, anguish, nervousness, fear, sadness, embarrassment in some point during their lives. The good feelings humans experience in life, such as joy, love, excitement and pl easure are often few and far between and always less enduring than the evil feelings. For example, I... ... the existence of God and the problem of evil, my mind keeps wandering to one example of human life, Christopher Reeves. He is a man who was blessed with looks, career success as an actor and celebrity, and a happy marriage. One day he becomes paralyzed from the neck down losing everything even the capacity to breath. If God sees this and can change his condition, why doesnt He? Has is made Reeves a better man or enriched his soul as Hicks would say? Surely Reeves life is filled with unhappiness and suffering. Does one have to be aware that they are in the process of soulmaking? And is soulmaking supposed to be good for the individual, for the world at large or just for God?If I could answer these questions, there would be no need for the study of philosophy, as they have no correct answer. I do believe in God, but I do not know why except for a feeling inside which may be inb orn or the result of my environment. David Humes philosophies are based upon trusting ones feelings as is evidenced by his reliance on poets instead of scientists. I think I will also go with my feelings on this issue. God does exist but humans may never have the capacity to understand the Hows and Whys.

The Beef with TV Essay -- essays research papers

Television Our Nations Drug of ChoiceTelevision is our eras pretermit from what we now consider a chaotic struggle of life. I think we as a people feel life can be work out in an hour long Monday night special and that exact attitude is our societys problem today. Frankly we are a group of cowards who do not take the bull by the horns rather we retreat to routine episode line up that we can supposedly relate to. Ladies and gentlemen we need to learn free like Platos slave in the myth of the cave, by realizing that life is not Ragged, loose and something hard to cope with (Dove) but rather a beautiful journey far off into the beyond.Over ninety-eight percent of homes in America contract television, while only ninety percent have telephones. Most often the programs the viewer receives are quite harmful to them physically, mentally, developmentally, and even financially.(Paul) The theory that The Tube is a bad thing should be no hourlong be pondered, it is a very bad thing. People who sit in front of the T.V. religiously often feel that they can quit at whatsoever time they want to, and pick up where they left off in their daily activities. Most often, nevertheless, people grow to be very flaccid well-nigh their lives the individual sees their once everyday behavior less attractive and more complex. The scariest part of this bad habit we as a nation develop from ceremonial occasion television is its uncanny resemblance to heroine u...

An Interview With a Korean-American on Cultural Differences Essay examp

An Interview With a Korean-the Statesn on Cultural Differences In this consultation Ben Bagley asks Theresa Han about the difference amongst Korean and American culture. Theresa is a teenager who recently moved to the United States so she has an excellent perspective for understanding the differences and similarities between these countries. BAGLEY This is Ben Bagley, and Im going to interview Theresa Han about Korea. Could you introduce yourself? HAN My name is Theresa Han, Im from South Korea, Im 18 years old, and Im a freshman in College. BAGLEY How long have you lived in America? HAN I think a little bit less than 3 years. BAGLEY Where did you live in Korea? HAN I lived in Pyoung Tek, Its right below Oosan, where the American logical argument force is located. BAGLEY What were the people ilk where you lived? HAN Theyre really busy. Fathers go to their work Mothers if they have a job go to their work, and students go to school, so they dont have enough beat to communicate with each other, like time to spend together, because mostly students come home like 1000pm-1100pm. BAGLEY What did you do with your friends? HAN We mostly go to each others house, countenance a movie or something, watch it, and do homework usually, because we have a whole bunch of homework. On the weekends we would go downtown its kind of like a shopping mall. Its a street. There are small restaurants, small cloths shops and all that stuff. It was kind of fun, but nothing special I think. BAGLEY What did you do in your free time? HAN Mostly watch TV I guess. BAGLEY What was Korean TV like? HAN Like on Japanese TV they have a whole bunch of dramas, so there are Korean dramas, there is regularly a music program, like 3 music programs on 3 different channels. I mostly watched them, like almost everyday. BAGLEY Was American TV available in Korea? HAN Yeah, theres channel 2, so I know like Wheel of Fortune or whatever. And The Simpsons was on channel 15, it was the educational channel, but ?The Simpsons?Ewas on it in Korean, so I sometimes watched it. BAGLEY And was that dubbed or with subtitles? HAN I think it was dubbed in Korean, because I had neer heard how Homer really talks. BAGLEY What is Korean music like? HAN There are a lot of kinds of music. Like rock, like f... ...uitoes. BAGLEY Which country has a greater temperature difference throughout the year? HAN In Korea the summer is so hot, and the winter is so cold. Really cold, so they are so different. In America the temperatures freeze closer together, it?s way better. BAGLEY Are there any other big differences between Korea and America? HAN I think the school system, because basically you go there, I went to school usually by 730am and came home 700pm. But some students stay longer, like even 1000pm if you are a senior and about to go to college because there is kind of, like parents and teacher think their kids or students should go to college. Like have to go to college. They?re gonna rack them to take aim a lot, so when you?re a senior you start to study a lot and you don?t sleep that much. Usually I think some people sleep 3 or 4 hours per day and just study. No free time. BAGLEY And they stay at school and study? HAN ?Till like 1000pm but after school ends they come home and study like until 200am or 300am BAGLEY Would it be ok if I publish this interview on the internet? HAN Sure BAGLEY Well, Thank you very much for your time.

The Somalian Child :: essays papers

The Somalian Child There is a child from Somalia, with an white-haired mans face, sitting in the corner of the lollygag room. He must have fill out out of the television set at some time this evening. Its New Years Eve, and all the stations have been playing condensed highlights of the year -- so many images of meagreness and diseases and fight from around the globe. Trying to cram so much human misery into a few short hours, its no wonder, really, that something overflowed. He sits there, huddled in a ball, like a tiny wizened dwarf, behind the corner lounge chair. I dont know when he came out. It could have been any time. The television has been on for a long time. His face is blank. An old man on a childs stick body. I pretend hes not there, of course, and go into the kitchen to make a snack. I am about to bring it back into the lounge room, until I think better of it, and eat it in the kitchen. When I get back, hes still there. Its just as well that I had plann ed for a quiet New Years and hadnt invited anybody over, because he smells a bit too. You dont get that when theyre on the TV, but its a smell of old dried cow dung and other things Ive never smelled before. The television is still on, and its still showing news highlights. There are scenes from some civil war in the former Soviet Union. Just to be on the safe side, I turn the channel to an American sit-com. There are some gorgeous looking ladies sitting around a dinner table making risque jokes. Not much chance of having one of them appear in my lounge room, I ponder. Not in real life. Theyre only actresses. I steal a glance at the Somalian -- but he doesnt seem kindle in the show. I stay there watching until the show ends, then the news comes on. Its another highlights of the year program. Naturally. A well-groomed news commentator says, rather pompously, Hemingway sit in the Hotel Florida in Spain and wrote passionately about the blood being spilled in the streets below, tr ying to convey the idealism with which people were fighting and dying.

The Positive Effects of the GI Bill :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Positive Effects of the GI BillIn 1944 the world was caught in one of the greatest wars of all time, World warfare II. The whole United States was mobilized to assist in the war effort. As history was being made overseas, as citizens learned to do without many amenities of life, and as families grieved over loved ones lost in the war, two students on BYU campus were beginning a history of their own. Chauncey and Bertha Riddle met in the summertime of 1944 and seven months later were active to be married. Chauncey was eighteen and a half and Bertha nineteen as they knelt across the altar in the St. George temple five months after their engagement. Little did they know that in just the first years of marriage they would be involved with the effects of a significant historical event, the atomic bomb, as well as politics legislation, the GI Bill, that would not only affect the course of their lives but also the course of the entire country.Chauncey and Bertha honeymooned in the Gra nd Canyon late in the summer of 1945. Upon returning to Cedar City, they learned the news that the United States had developed this wonderful bomb and theyd dropped it and it hopefully would shorten the war greatly. The first bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 7, and the second on Nagasaki on August 9. The official surrender came on August 11, 1945, officially ending the bloody campaign in Japan. The clime in the country was not one of alarm, in reaction to the bomb, but of tired relief. Bertha reflected this attitude. Those people of our generation saw how many of their friends had died in bloody chip with the Japanese so they were grateful to see it ended. The atomic bomb seemed the long-awaited answer to concluding the war quickly.The bomb was not without its controversies and consequences, however. Before it was dropped, Leo Szilard, leading scientist in the development of the bomb, opposed it with all his power (Truman 68). His close contact with the destructive weapon c aused him and others to argue against its use. It didnt take long after the end of the war for scholars to evaluate the atom bomb and its potential in future warfare. In the Yale Review, 1946, Bernard Brodie looked in depth at its future implications and influence on the security of all nations.

The Positive Effects of the GI Bill :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

The Positive Effects of the GI BillIn 1944 the world was caught in one of the sterling(prenominal) wars of all time, World War II. The whole United States was mobilized to assist in the war effort. As history was being made overseas, as citizens learned to do without legion(predicate) amenities of life, and as families grieved over loved ones lost in the war, two students on BYU campus were beginning a history of their own. Chauncey and Bertha Riddle met in the summertime of 1944 and seven months later were engaged to be married. Chauncey was eighteen and a half and Bertha nineteen as they knelt across the altar in the St. George temple five months aft(prenominal) their engagement. Little did they know that in just the premiere years of marriage they would be involved with the effects of a significant historical event, the atomic bomb, as well as government legislation, the GI Bill, that would not only affect the course of their lives but also the course of the entire country.Cha uncey and Bertha honeymooned in the Grand canon late in the summer of 1945. Upon returning to Cedar City, they learned the news that the United States had developed this wonderful bomb and theyd dropped it and it hopefully would shorten the war greatly. The first bomb was dropped on Hiroshima on August 7, and the second on Nagasaki on August 9. The official surrender came on August 11, 1945, officially ending the blinking(a) campaign in Japan. The climate in the country was not one of alarm, in reaction to the bomb, but of tired relief. Bertha reflected this attitude. Those people of our generation saw how many of their friends had died in bloody combat with the Japanese so they were grateful to see it ended. The atomic bomb seemed the long-awaited answer to concluding the war quickly.The bomb was not without its controversies and consequences, however. forwards it was dropped, Leo Szilard, leading scientist in the development of the bomb, opposed it with all his power (Truman 68 ). His close contact with the destructive weapon caused him and others to argue against its use. It didnt take long aft(prenominal) the end of the war for scholars to assess the atom bomb and its potential in future warfare. In the Yale Review, 1946, Bernard Brodie looked in depth at its future implications and influence on the security of all nations.

Difference And Inequality Essay

City Road is a good place to investigate inequality and differences as it plays host to a variety of various people, businesses and cultures. Inequalities and differences usher out be observed just by walking along City Road in the changes that have taken place, in the people that we discover and in the shops that we see, and can be measured in in many different ways. Inequality is prevalent all over the world and can be for various reasons. To discover where inequality and difference can occur we can compare the lives and mess of different individuals by asking questions and looking deeper into their stories to see if in that location is a pattern, in doing so we can get a sense of how inequality can occur. In the first video we heard from John Arthur, a homeless resident of City Road.John tells us of his childhood and how he started to drink at a very early age, he tells us that as an adult he made bad choices and even spent time in prison for his actions. John explains how he never felt like he fitted in anywhere, and blames this on his earlier years. This example in my opinion shows an unequal distribution of circumstance and care as a child and has directly wedged his place in society as an adult. As we compare John Arthurss story to Mark Hocking the differences are immediately obvious. Marks circumstances and social standing are better than John Arthurs because Mark Hocking is well known and has a respected and well known business.Mark Hocking tells us how he had a car repair garage which did well in the early days, and he even managed to sell a few cars from the forecourt, however repayable to larger car show rooms emerging Mark felt his place on the street was in danger so he took the fortune to reinvent his business and is now a well-established company making bespoke architectural items to order. John Arthur and Mark Hocking are excellent examples of how different lives and circumstances can affect your place in society, and how inequality can occur just by where you are born and how it can create differences in opportunities and income.In ratiocinationInequalities can be defined in many different ways, through culture, distribution of resources, wealth, social stature and opportunity and many more.

Irony in “The Story of an Hour” Essay

There are many types of irony such as base irony which is the use of word to convey a meaning that is opposite of its literal meaning. Situational irony which is the moment a characters actions have the opposite of their intended effect. lastly there is dramatic irony which occurs when there is a contrast between the readers knowledge and the knowledge of the characters in the work. However situational irony is what mostly transpires in Kate Chopin pathetic story The report card of an HourSituational irony is used in The Story of an Hour through Mrs. Mallards reaction to her married mans ending. When she offset printing heard the news of her husbands death, Mrs. Mallard, wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment (Chopin, 1). Everyone in the house thought that she was upset and went upstairs to be alone in her room because this is a common reaction after having just lost a loved one. Although once Mrs. Mallard is alone in her room, Chopin wants the reader to rule that she is not saddened by the loss of her husband but relieved, When she abandoned herself a little whispered word escaped her slightly parted lips. She said it everyplace and over under her breath free, free, free (Chopin, 1) Although Mrs. Mallard is free from her marriage that does not mean that she did not love her husband, as she looks through the open window from which she gazes represents freedom and opportunities.Instead of being dark and full of grief to symbolize how one would expect her to feel, she sees patches of blue sky, fluffy clouds and treetops. She also hears singing of birds and smells a rainstorm coming. Chopin signifies this as new beginning for Mrs. Mallard. Everything that she experiences through her time of mourning suggests joy and a new life story that awaits her. She is expected to mourn her husbands death, but she is mentation about her new life There would be noone to live for her during those coming years she would live for her self (Chopin, 2) this is to be understood that she has sacrificed her life for her husband, although there is no evidence that her husband has done her living for her. The language Chopin uses throughout her story foreshadows the ironic happiness that she feels with being free.Chopin further more tries to relieve that she is not just feeling happiness through her husbands death when she writes, She knew that she would weep again when she saw the kind, tender hands folded in death the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed and gray and dead.(Chopin, 1) It is not clear on why Louise Mallard feels this way about her husbands death because there is no evidence on any physical or emotional abuse, repression or neglect from her husband it might have been external, in society or in her marriage or whether it was internal, a experience that it takes strength to control ones feelings or whims. (Berkove, 153).Through Louises recognition that she is free from her husband there is situational and dramat ic irony as well. While she was alone in her room she realized that she would no longer be border to her husband but rather free to do whatever she should choose, Free Body and soul free she kept whispering. (Chopin, 2) She continues to whisper this to herself because although she is alone in her room she acknowledges that she should not be having such thoughts and does not want anyone to know how she really feels about her husbands death. No one else knew this, they all believed that she was sorrowful and cherished to be alone to grieve. Josephine, a woman in the house, even though Mrs. Mallard was making herself sick, but in reality Louise was absorbing the days onward of her.Her overwhelming joy all comes to an abrupt stop when she descends from her room to only find out that her husband is not dead. She is so shocked to see her husband that she has a heart attack and as doctors described it as, joy that kills, which is perceived as the dramatic irony part of the short story. Everyone believes she died in that way so the reader can actually realize that she was in fact not joyful to see her husband instead in disarray and upset that she only had a glimpse of real freedom and would rather be dead than to go back and live the life she had. Louise dies in the world of her family where she has always sacrificed for others (Ewell, 160.)Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour is one of the many books that says so much in so few words (Berkove, 152). The irony in her story is almost never ending. Louise Mallards life after discovering about her husbands death is the true meaning of the story of an hour because she had a quick look of how her life was going to be.Works CitedChopin, Kate. The Story of an Hour. Katechopin.org Kate Chopin International Society, April 19, 1894. Web. 1 Nov. 2014.2. Berkove, Lawrence I. American Literary Realism, Vol. 32, No. 2 Fatal Self-Assertion in Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour. Jstor.org. 2000. Web. 1 Nov. 20143. Ewell, Barbara C. Chopin and the Dream of Female Selfhood Kate chopin Reconsidered Jstor.org. 2000. Web. 1 Nov. 2014

Family Life Course Development

Family keep Course Development Focus & Scope Assumptions These are the assumptions that provide the home for Family Life Course Development Theory. 1. Developmental processes are inevitable and important in understanding families. Individual family members, Interaction between family members, Structure of family, and The norms composing expectations roughly family roles all change over time. These changing roles and expectations for different stages of family are viewed as essential to an understanding of the family. . The family group is affected by all the levels of analysis. Social schema (Institutional norms and conventions to the highest degree the family) e. g. legal expectations like child abuse laws Aggregate Clusters (Families and norms structured by class and ethnicity) Social group Family Sub-group Relationships (e. g. Husband -Wife, Siblings, etc. ) Individual These familiar social norms represent the level of analysis of the family as a social institution.This i nstitutional level of analysis is generally the one we refer to when we talk about The Family and is the level on which we often conduct cross-cultural comparisons (the U. S. family compared with the Japanese family). 3. Time is Multi-Dimensional Periodicity An equal interval of time between each event on the clock. (e. g. jewel movements of a wrist watchs gears) However, our experience of time is perhaps not as regimented as periodicity would lead us to believe.Social Process Time- Family and personal experiences are used as a separate way to divide up time. (e. g. When we first married or out front your sister was born) Social norms are tied more closely to this social process dimension of time than to calendar or wristwatch time. Subsequently, for Family Life Course Development Theory, the family process dimension of time is critical to understanding and explaining family change because it provides the marker events for analyses. (E. g. births, weddings, deaths, etc. )

Compensation and Security for Employees

Discussed in this paper leave alone be how employees atomic number 18 categorized and at what aim they argon categorized at. What the stop overs and expectations for from each one train are and how they faeces be reached. How recompense is dispersed and awarded and how the hire is given(p). This paper will in any case discuss what kind of compensation is given, whether the compensation is monetary or in another form. This paper will also discuss what the incentives will be for describe abuse of other employees or violation of connection policies and procedures.The travel that the follow will take to keep tout ensemble incentives for the different categories and employees fair and suitable. What kind of pay egresss for the different performances in each category. The paper will also include a section on why the compensation is awarded and how they will reward the employee or group (Snell, 2010). How to exercise the program to handout the incentive and when they will be awarded and how. It will also discuss whether the incentive is given yearly or if it is given quarterly. also in the paper it will discuss how to prompt employees and how to keep employees motivated.Read thisChapter 2 Why Security is Needed overly being discussed will be putting in a compensation figure to attract peeled employees. Knowing how to manage unfairness and employees who think it is unfair to offer an incentive for a particular performance or for an organization. Putting the steps in categories will also help out the unfairness. Also being discussed is how the compensation will be presented. What steps will be taken to consider that all employees are eligible for the compensation program. Giving the steps out so the employee knows what is to be expected. Compensation and Security for EmployeesSome companies puddle different take aims of employees whatsoever include entry take aim employees to executives. Categorizing employees is a little difficult, espe cially if there is a lot of turn over. Some employees that have a bun in the oven been in the confederacy for more(prenominal) than a year may still be in an entry aim position, but deserve to be at a secondary level position. The main purpose for this program is to ensure a low employee turnover. These employees should be compensated not for their position but how they perform in that position (Snell, 2010). separate companies may give a bonus or compensation for carryting chartered into the confederation.Bonuses are given mainly in monetary fashion they are given also if the employee is at the company for six months or more. Categorizing employees is a big excogitate, but also can save on money. Categorizing employees from entry level to CEO is difficult especially if there are several levels. The first step is to categorize employees is to know how many a(prenominal) employees are in each level. Also included in the first step is a description of what each employee leve l is. How many employees there are in each level and how they get the incentive in the level. aim 1 entry level- 50 employees, these employees are the ones that have recently been hired, or have been with the company for six months to a year. rat turnover accrues with in the first two months of hire (Snell, 2010). That is why an incentive is give after the six month in the position. train 2 junior level- thirty employees, these are the employees that have been with the company for a year or more a monetary incentive is usually given after the employee has given their commitment to the company for a year and a half. take aim 3 lead level- twenty employees, these employees are the leads in their units or departments, they have been promoted from the junior level and have wee-weeed for the company for more the 2 old age. The first incentive is the promotions they also get an incentive for product line performances in the first six months after fit a lead. Level 4 supervisor leve l- fifteen employees, these employees have also been leads that have been promoted (Ederhof, 2011). Supervisors have clobbered for the company for four years or more. The incentive for this level is after a year of being a supervisor.The supervisory level compensation will be based on job performance, and the supervisors past performances. Level 5 manager level- forty employees, these employees are either hired for the manager level or they have been promoted from the supervisor level. These employees are committed to the company. Their incentive is for job performance, going above and beyond the call of their position. Level 6 Coordinators level-seventeen employees, these employees are listed as high as executives. These coordinators are budget coordinators, financial coordinators, company event coordinators.These employees are hired outside the company they are hired for their skills of coordinating several departments. These employees know how to work through stress and deadline s. This level compensation is based solely on performance there is still the six month compensation after hire. Compensation shows how they work through the stress and deadlines (Ederhof, 2011). Level 7 directors level-ten employees, these employees are also hired outside the company they have the skills and experience to do their job. These employees are responsible for several departments and the employees that work in those departments.The directors are higher than the managers. This is where deciding how the compensation will work for the remaining levels will get a little more difficult. They also are closing oriented and will stag goals for the departments they run (Reh, 2013). Level 8 Administration Assistants level five employees, these employees are usually hired outside due to unfairness of the other employees. The employees have four to five years experience in the field. Administrative assistants work directly with the COs and presidents.Their work is monitored above a ny employee in the company. Their stakes are higher when it comes to incentives and compensations. This is not an entry level position. Level 9 COs level- 12 employees, these employees have specific areas of experience. Some of the COs that would be in the company are Chief executive officer (CEO) pass accounts officer (CAO), chief information officer (CIO), chief financial officer (CFO) to name a few. There is about eight to ten years experience in their field. Their goal is to keep things in their department running smoothly.Level 10 presidents level five employees this level is the more or less difficult level to do incentives and compensations. They are the highest and most experienced in their areas. This level of employment makes all final decisions in the company. They work closely with directors in each department knowing what is going on throughout the company is another objective that this level is kin on. Setting goals and expectations for the different levels is not a s easy as it seems. The upper levels will have more difficult goals and expectations to achieve than the trim down levels.This is the second step in the incentives and compensations plan. Anything that needs to be discussed about each level should be discussed with each level in a conference or a meeting (Super Jobs for You, 2009). Get the employees involved in their goals and expectations. Setting goals and expectations are very important, it keeps employees motivated and looking forward. Level 1 goals setting and expectations for the entry level positions. Sitting down with the level 1 employees the company found out that some of the goals are pretty similar.Having the employees set goals for themselves will help the employees achieve realistic goals and set short and long term goals (Goals and Expectations, 2011). Goals for entry level employees would include to move up in the company, to have projects done on or before the deadline, being able to type 50 words per minute every day for a month. Bring job performance up to five per centum in two weeks. Another goal would be win over guests that have not been in for a while. Achieving this goal would be for each level one employee. The goal would be to get back 3 customers within sixty days.Some personal goals for employees at level one is being able to speak up in meetings, get along with co-workers better, to talk to their superiors a lot better without being terrorise of being rejected. Level 2 employees have the same goals as the level one employee with some differences. Some goals that level two employees have set for themselves are as follows compulsioning to move up in the company, get sales up to ten percent before the next quarter. The incentive for reaching the customer goal would be a hundred dollars and bighanded eat on the company for 3 employees of level one and three employees for level two.Some of the incentives for the level one employee, once they have achieved their goal, would be a promotion with a pay raise. For finishing a project before the deadline would be a fifty dollar bonus on their next check. Level two employees would be the same, a promotion and a pay raise. Once they achieve their goal of acquire sales up the company will give incentive for the first three employees who reach the goal. The incentive will be a week pass with pay. For level 3 employees the goal setting is a bit more complicated. Some goals could be having their department reaches a team goal within thirty days.A team goal could be to increase communication through the entire department. Also getting employee feedback from the departments to reach the specific goal (Goals and Expectations, 2011). Giving out monthly progress reports to level one and two employees, telling the employees how they are doing and where they are to achieve their own personal and professional goals. Once the communication goal is reached by one department the entire department will get fifty dollars on the ir next paycheck and will get a free lunch to a great restaurant on the company.For the level three employees the incentives for reaching goals and expectations would be a weeks paid vacation from the company for achieving the progress report goal for the first 4 employees. This goal is also available to the level four employees also. For level 4 employees they will also make up goals for themselves as well. Some of the goals would be figuring out how to relieve the stress from their employees to increase productivity and performance. How to keep employees from going home early or calling in sick from work on Fridays.Some suggestions would be giving the employees free massage on their breaks, giving a longer lunch hour on Fridays. Setting and posting team goals that are simple and are seen everywhere. Level 5 employees personal goals could be to get out on the floor to help out lower level employees about sixty percent of the day for the next sixty days. The department goal could be to get up a plan to keep more employees from quitting and to lower turnover by fifty percent. Whichever level achieves this goal will get a twenty-five percent raise. The levels that will be competing will be levels four, five and seven.Levels 6 employees will have goals and expectations to fulfill. Some goals and expectations could be to stay up-to-date on advertising until the end of the year. Plan a company event three times a year. The big goal is to talk to customers about what they want out of the company, or what they want to see the company change and make it happen within six months. Achieving this goal would get the coordinator responsible a thirty percent raise and 2 weeks paid vacation. For the entire company goals would be an award of their choosing for working in the company for five, ten, fifteen and twenty and so on years.The awards would be for five years a plaque that says for five years of service in the company and would have the employees name on it. The ten y ear anniversary would be an award of their choosing, like a stereo or two hundred dollars cash. all(prenominal) year would have an award that is a little more expensive and elaborate. For reporting violations and abuse to co-workers the incentive would be the same hundred dollars for reporting sexual harassment, reporting a violation of the code of conduct would award the employee with a free membership to the gym of their choice or ten free massages for two.For referring new employees the employee would get fifty after the new employee was hired and hundred after the new employee was at the company for six months. Steps that the human resource management will take to ensure that all compensation and incentives are fair and equal to all levels. Step one is to figure out different higher goals for each employee at each level. Keep goals short-term. Let all employees at the lower level know they have the potential to achieve all goals and expectations. Also let them know they lso hav e the ability to be promoted wit in the company. Also letting all employees know that they are valued in the company. Giving out treats to all employees at the end of a really long work day or work week. Company parties, picnics or celebrations, to let the employees know they are valued in the company. Celebrating the employees birthdays, to let them know that the company remembers them and that they are special. closedown In conclusion the paper discussed compensation and incentive for employees at all levels in the company.These employees should be compensated not for their position but how they perform in that position (Snell, 2010). Other companies may give a bonus or compensation for getting hired into the company. Bonuses are given mainly in monetary fashion they are given also if the employee is at the company for six months or more. The steps that the company will take to keep all incentives for all the different categories and employees fair and equal. What kind of payouts for the different performances in each category.The paper will also include a section on why the compensation is awarded and how they will reward the employee or group (Snell, 2010). How to set the program to handout the incentive and when they will be awarded and how. Categorizing employees is a big job, but also can save on money. Categorizing employees from entry level to CEO is difficult especially if there are several levels. The first step is to categorize employees is to know how many employees are in each level. Also included in the first step is a description of what each employee level is.How many employees there are in each level and how they get the incentive throughout the time they spend in that level. For the entire company goals would be an award of their choosing for working in the company for five, ten, fifteen and twenty and so on years. The awards would be for five years a plaque that says for five years of service in the company and would have the employees nam e on it. The ten year anniversary would be an award of their choosing, like a stereo or two hundred dollars cash. Every year would have an award that is a little more expensive and elaborate.

Is Criminal Behavior Learned or Does Your Dna Already Predispose You at Birth to Criminal Behavior?

1. Is criminal conduct learned or does your DNA already predispose you at birth to criminal behavior? How does expression genetics, learning theory and cognitive development theory fit into your assumption. In my opinion, criminal behavior is learned. All in all, I believe that every scene of human life in general is learned. Thats how we evolve and further innovate our lives. Some learn to be productive citizens and some learn to lock in in criminal behavior. Criminal behavior exists because of the way people think and the choices they make.Criminality is a lifestyle, and criminals must either be confined forever or be taught how to change their ways of thinking. In criminology, biological and psychological explanations of behavior check been out of style for some time. In fact, the authors of the leading criminology text from the 1920s to the 1970s, Edwin H. Sutherland and Donald R. Cressey, intelligibly rejected the importance of biological factors in explaining criminal beha vior. Scholars such as Glenn D. Walters and doubting Thomas W. albumen developed the thesis that both criminal and noncriminal behavior are tie in to cognitive development and that people choose the behavior in which they wish to suck. They have concluded the root causes of crimeare thought and choice (Walters and White 8). I agree wholeheartedly with Walters and White that people choose the behavior they wish to engage in and if its criminal behavior then they will have to accept the consequences. The cognitive development theory is based on the belief that the way people organize their thoughts about rules and laws results in either criminal or noncriminal behavior (Reid 88).People regulate their own actions and whether they abide by the laws that govern them. The behavior that can be observed or manipulated is important. That is the behavior that will decide criminality. This behavior is learned through cognitive thinking and its way of learning can be eliminated, modified, or replaced by taking away the reward value or by rewarding a more appropriate behavior that is incompatible with the deviant one. Neurotic symptoms and some deviant behaviors are acquired through an unfortunate peculiarity of learning (Reid 89).Even the learning theory acknowledges that individuals have physiological mechanisms that permit them to behave aggressively, but whether or not they will do so is learned, as is the temper of their aggressive behavior (Reid 89). All of this can coincide with an external environment such as the neighborhood a criminal lives in. What that criminal sees in his day-after-day life may be different that what a non-criminal sees, therefore they will learn the deviant behavior theyre around.Behavior genetics definitely has an impact on the way people think and act. Criminals learn how to become criminals by either watching others or being taught how to commit crimes. For example, children who grow up in malfunctioned families that engage in crimina l behavior can learn to become criminals. A boy who watches his father beat his mother is more likely to grow up and beat his wife or girlfriend. The children that are witnesses to this behavior learn how to commit crimes.To conclude, criminal behavior is learned through the criminals thoughts, sights, actions, and their interactions of the surrounding environment. Bibliography Glenn D. Walters and Thomas W. White, The Thinking Criminal A Cognitive model of Lifestyle Criminality, Sam Houston State University Criminal Justice Center, Criminal Justice Research Bulletin 4 (1989) 8 Reid, Sue T. Crime and Criminology. 13th ed. Oxford Oxford University Press, 2012. 8. Print.

F. Scott Fitzgerald and New Consumer Culture

What do you think of the view that obsession with money and the new consumer culture of the 1920s dominates human thinking and behavior in The Great Gatsby? nonpareil of the key themes in The Great Gatsby is The morality and importance of Wealth in high end New York social circles of the 1920s. Fitzgerald himself lived during this period of significant culture transfigure in America and therefore I feel his own feelings and concerns on obsession with money and the new consumer culture was one reason as to why he wrote this novel. He begins by establishing this theme through Daisy and Tom.Daisys voice often has references to wealth Her voice is full of money. The synecdoche here represents Daisy herself as an objective of desirability and high status. Daisy represents perfection to Gatsby because she has the wealth, class, charm and sophistication that Gatsby has wanted all of his life. The life that they lead seems to lack direction and meaning, the couple drift unrestfully to wher ever tidy sum were rich together. This shows that their behavior is dominated by social conventions of consumerism, it is important for them to be seen with people like themselves.Although Daisy has such a privileged life fashion her face is sad, here Fitzgerald is com manpowerting that money cannot buy happiness or true fulfillment. In chapter 2 Fitzgerald creates a gothic vision, using bleak descriptions of the wastefulness land that lies between the two eggs. Fitzgerald uses ashes as a way to symbolize the impure, dim and dirty lives that the rich lead ashes take the forms of houses and chimneys which ash grey men inhibit (if you come to close to them it can become harmful).The desolate waste land is an industrial dumping site and I feel Fitzgerald uses it as a device to contradict the world of beauty glamour that its creators live in. It is a way of showing the darker, slight glamorous truth of the new consumer culture as the vast amounts of waste create such an unpleasant s ight. This introduces one the key themes in the novel which is the morality of wealth. The white ashen dust that covers Wilson and his surroundings is representing the destitution that he lives in due to his lack of money.In comparison to Tom, Wilson is much more passive and shy which could be due to the fact that he is much less wealthy. Tom seems to have automatic dominance over Daisy however Wilson clearly lacks control over Myrtle, suggesting he is respected more. This displays the theme of The Importance of money as their different fortunes influence the way these men behave and the quality of life they have. Myrtle is a key character in the novel in displaying Fitzgeralds concerns with the new consumer culture and the way it dominates human behavior.As the party in the small apartment develops, her mannerisms completely change with the influence of her dress her behavior had also undergone a change. This shows that the luxurious lifestyle hugely influences people often, like myrtle, badly. In the comfort of her new, fake privileged lifestyle and raised status she becomes more surefooted and haughty. This could suggest that myrtle is shallow as the way she conducts herself changes as easily as the colour of her dress, which is often used in The Great Gatsby as a technique to represent social status or class.

Death of a Salesman Context Essay

Death of a Salesman is a play that consists of a HISTORICAL solid ground which is key to understanding the play. It was pen in 1949, just a few years after the World War ll was over, meaning the United States, where the play occurs, was going through many changes. For example, the contend caused an increase in industrial production markets and non-farming business. For the poorest Americans, however, the economic situation was not improved as America started having high inflation, causing problems for the poorest citizens to purchase the basics. Also, the government started to cook policies which helped larger corporate farmers but not smaller farmers. Happy, a sales clerk and Biff, a farm worker, had the lowest-paid jobs in the country, leading them to round trouble in maintaining dignity in society. For Americans, dignity and pride were very important things. Due to their victories during the war, Americans felt proud and had a feeling of superiority over the world. This lead to their contain of proving that capitalism was better than communism.Because of this, Americans felt responsible for protecting their nation from any influences from communist Soviet Union. This accomplishment of time where Americans felt the obligation to make fiscal success in order to show gratitude for the liberty they had as a democratic society and also to defeat the Soviets is now called the Cold War era. During this period of time, mass handle Willy relied too much on long-term credit to show they were financially successful and ended up having trouble in natural endowment their families the basics. In the play, this Cold War attitude is shown by Willys preoccupation with his position in society and financial status. Willys worry also represents some of the SOCIAL context in the play as he fears not being accepted in society he wants to be well like. American society changed after WWll. Before, people were motivated by morals and rules but after the Cold War era star ted, Americans became motivated bywhat others thought of them. Willy represents the people in American society who lost their identity due to their need to achieve social standards.This idea is reflected at the end of the play where Biff says that Willy didnt know who he was. This social change may have been a cause of POLITICAL change because, as a result of The Great Depression, American government became more influential on citizens daily lives.Because of this, and also due to an increase in media communication such as radio and television, Americans started to feel like they belonged to a large, connected society and along came a desire to be accepted by their peers in society.Miller also shows some of the CULTURAL background behind the play through three of his main characters Willy, Ben and Biff as the three of them, similar to many Americans at the time, show they are eager to achieve The American Dream. Two versions of the American Dream are mentioned in the play. One is rep resented by Willy, focused mostly on money which was a way Americans found to show they had the freedom and liberty to purchase material goods. The other version is shown through Biff and Ben with their go West, young man mythology representing the conceive of of having the liberty for new adventures. Leticia Hosang

How Did the Events of the Indian Mutiny Change?

The events of the Indian mutiny in particular the Enfield rifle cartridges, the murder of Christians, the shootings in Cawnpore and the massacre in Lucknow, vastly changed the front give the axe of British in India. The British realised that they could not run a country through with(predicate) a company with no acknowledgement and respect for culture. After the mutiny, the East India Company no longer rule India The queen did. The British prime minister chose a secretary of state for India. This change gave the people of India someone to look up to and respect rather than a company ruling and making decisions for their own monetary gain.Towns and cities were littered with her statues. The legislative council also included some Indian representation, signifying the start of participation of Indian people in British Government. This meant that the Indians felt as though they had a say in the running of their country. The end of the mutiny also indicated the beginning of a new a ttitude towards Indian culture where the British no longer interfered. In particular, the British no longer attempted to stop the traditional practices and laws surrounding widows. The British also came to respect Indian princes and other respected people in positions of authority over others.This was shown through their participation in the Legislative council. The British felt that Princes and landowners had a crucial role in maintaining overbearing relationships between themselves and Indian peasantry, so they were guaranteed property and some were given rewards for their loyalty. However, the fading relationship between the operative peasants and their landowners, meant that the policy was not as successful as expected, in a long term view. The act superior attitude of the British meant that the lock away viewed the Indians as a substandard people.They believed that they didnt know a trusty thing when they saw it. The British continued to have complete financial and politic al control. Although more attainable, still enforced a uniformed revenue tax of 10% and introduced paper currency through the country. This thusly ended majority of barter trade. The British presence in India changed immensely after the mutiny. It changed on umpteen levels affecting the people in social, cultural, financial, political and occupational aspects of their lives due to the changing nature of the company.

“God Sees the Truth, but Waits” by Leo Tolstoy Essay

Biography social lion Tolstoy was born in Tula Province, Russia, on September 9, 1828. His mother died when he was only two years old. by and by Tolstoys father died in1837, he was cared by his relatives. He attended Kazan University for three years tho he never could complete it because of joining to Russian military on active duty. However, being a soldier could not stop his desire to write literary plays and during his duty he published his first serve childhood. After paper childhood, he continued on writing autobiographic plays and his life on the army the works included boyhood, Sevastopol Tales book, youth and an uncompleted work entitled The Cossacks. In 1859, Tolstoy returned to Yasnaya Polyana and devoted himself to be guidance and study educational practices. In 1862, He married Sophia Andreevna Behrs who was 16 years younger than him.They had thirteen children which atomic number 23 of them died at early age. His wife helped him as a secretary to complete is works, especially on writing his first great novel, War and Peace. Their early life was full of happiness and they had no problem. However, their relationship became more and more worse as he was being radical to the extent of disowning his inherited and earned wealth. He was known for his complicated and paradoxical personality. In 1972, he wrote the short legend of divinity Sees the impartiality, But Waits which was rough a merchant who was jailed not guiltyly.In his life, he has written a dish out of short stories which the well-known(a) ones are The Candle, How Much Land Does a valet Need?, Little Girls Wiser than Men and The Coffee domicil of Surat. In 1973, he wrote the novel of Anna Karenina which was the best known one in his writings. Other most renowned works were The Living Corpse and The Death of Ivan Ilyich. In his life, furthermore, he wrote various pieces on social, political, and economic topics ranging from vegetarianism to gravid punishment solely could not b e published because of g eitherwherenment. Tolstoy died on November 20, 1910 in Astapovo, Russia. TittleThroughout the tittle, Tolstoy wants to recognize the readers the concomitant that reality can be hidden but one day it comes out. The tittle has a lot of interpretations considering real life and the resultants of the story. Godalways sees the truth in whatever hatful do, but the meaning of waits is debatable and purposeful. First of all, in the tittle, the notion of the truth is isolated and not became known for some(prenominal) reasons. Some cartridge holders, God examines those people who have good personality and looks gentle among people so that they prove their faith. On the other words, He takes them to a bad situation to purify their sins and reward them for their patient.And no one knows what is misfortune in the future people whitethorn see something wrong, but in reality it go forth be good, and vice versa. So, if people commit illegal works and sins, they alwa ys do secretly and keep them silent. At this time, just God knows the truth and waits to see whether the man is going to regret or not, and do the serious thing or not. Regarding the short story, there are two opposite characters, Aksionov and Makar innocent and guilty. At the get of the story, readers know that Aksionov is not the doer of the murdering but he is sentenced to be in jail for 26 years.A part of the truth, God knows some everything but waits. For Aksionov, there are two truths which the first one is his spiritless personality. But the second one is the reality of his personality in every conditions. God does not advance something to declare his innocence till He examines him by punishing and away from his beloved family, and to see what Aksionov will do, seek to revenge or forgive. By this bad condition, the true reality of Aksionov will be clear to all, because if he revenges himself upon Marker and ruins his life as him, he has no difference with Makar.PlotOnce upon time, in the land of Vladimir, a young merchant named Ivan Dmitri Aksionov lived with his family. He was in his young life and very joyful by experiencing luxurious things that was offered by the world. One day of summer, when he was most to go to Nizhny fair as he planned, his wife warned him not to go. She told him that she had a bad dream, she said I dreamt you returned from the town with hair of grey. Ivan laughed and showed himself as if he didnt care and continued on going to the fair. In the half way of his travelling he met a merchant. He drunk tea with him at the night and shared a elbow room in the inn. Aksionov did not use to sleep for long seconds, so he decided to wake up and continued his journey. While he was in the way of his journey, he was stopped by two soldiers in a troika tobegin asking questions. Their questions were about the merchant that he met on the travel and exhausted time with him for he was demonstrate dead. As all evidences of the crime we re pointing guiltiness of Aksionov, he was imprisoned. When his wife perceive this bad news, she remembered her dream.She was very worried to her husband and thought that her husband was guilty. Aksionov felt sadder when he realized this thought. 26 years in prison made Aksionov a well-grounded and God-fearing man. In spite the fact that his family has completely forgotten him, he still serves as a Grandpa to the other prisoners. Then came a new prisoner named Makar Semyonich. After a while, they knew each other, Aksionov discovered that Makar was killed the merchant. Although he realized everything but he uttered nothing about it. One night, while the prisoners were sleeping, Aksionov saw that Makar dug the earth. Makar told him not to tell anyone about what he has seen or else he would kill him. One day, a soldier noticed that a prisoner took some earth off his boots, when the soldier immediately started for searching any escaping plans and found the tunnel.At that time, they ask ed the prisoners who knew about the plan, but no one replied. Since Marker warned them if they declared anything, they would be killed. Finally, the governor asked Ivan for he was the most disinterested man there. But Ivan said it is not my job and I dont care. At night, when Aksionov was on his bed and about to sleep, Makar went to him to thank him. He felt very sorry for he made Aksionov sanction for all this years. He did not want forgive till he sobbed to Aksionov, then said the sea captain will forgive you. Makar said that he will confess to the governor so that Ivan would be free. In fact, since Aksionov had no family neither home, he did not want to go out of prison. Rather, he waited for his last hour to come. In spite of what theyve talked about, Makar Semyonich confessed his guilt. But when the order for Ivan Dmitri Aksenovs release came, he was already dead.Conflict regret comes to Aksionov when he found out that the man he stayed with last night has been killed. The s oldiers searched his bag and found a knife with blood. In fact, Aksionov is not the murder, but at the end of the story he sees Makar in the same jail that he has been prisoned who is the killer. In the short story, there are some conflicts1. Man vs Man Aksionov with himself and Makar2. Man vs Nature Aksionov with his black fate3. Man vs familiarity Aksionov (as an innocent man) with court decision.CharactersProtagonistAksionov he was a young merchant lived in the town of Vladimir. He had two shops and a house of his own. Aksionov was a handsome, fair-haired, frizzly headed fellow, full of fun, and very fond of singing. In one of his journey, he accused by murdering a merchant and was sentenced to be jailed for 26 years. Although he was innocent, but he couldnt anything with his fate. Finally he found the murder and forgave him for sake of God. AntagonistMakar He was a bad person who appeared at the end of the story. He was the real murder who killed the merchant and wanted to k ill Aksionov but he couldnt. He felt dishonor for what he did for Aksionov and begged him for forgiveness. Finally, Aksionov forgave him and Makar confess the secret to the governor.ThemesThe short story takes place in Russia, Vladimir (Aksionovs home and inn) and in Siberia where Aksionov was arrested. And the story was narrated in omniscient style that the narrator seems know all of the things that happen there.1. Forgiveness vs avenge and BitternessLeo Tolstoy, the writer, wants to show the readers what is the real forgiveness and what wise people do when they face trying situations. In the short story, Aksionov has to accept his fate which becoming a murder while even he did not kill the merchant. After 26 years the governor found out that he was not the murderer when Makar, who was the real murderer, came to the jail and confessed his fault and asked for forgiveness. Aksionov forgave him without having desire to revenge. This shows the fact that Aksionov was different from n ormal people people often revenge upon their enemies whenever they can. Furthermore, he also did not announce the truthas he promised to Makar.2. Truth vs JusticeAksionov did not get justice that earned by himself. He was a good and innocent man, but court judged him as a murderer. In our daily life, we can see a lot of the same examples that people get something that they dont deserve. Court and also people judge the event as they see their appearance not reality. It declares the fact that every judgments are true.3. Injustice vs ForgivenessIt is belonged to the spiritual idea that people should be kind in every situation. Aksionov was areligious man which followed that idea and finally forgave Makar. Aksionov may represent Tolstoys characteristic because Tolstoy was a religious man.4. Innocence vs injusticeThe evident faults in the injustice system. The idea that God does what he does, such as withholding the truth, to allow us the opportunity to get word something vastly more important, such as the source of forgiveness the power of circumstance and persuasion over logical thoughts and deductions.Tone of the Short StoryThe tone of the story is humans depression and heartache which is very tragic, and sympathetic. We can see the sympathetic depression of Aksionov When Makar asking Aksionov for forgiveness, he replied It is easy for you to talk, said Aksionov, but I have suffered for you these twenty-six years. Where could I go to now? My wife is dead, and my children have forgotten me. I have nowhere to goPersonal valueThe purpose of Tolstoy in giving Aksionovs scathe is to show us a good example of real generous man. He wants to tell us that God knows everything but does not appear the reality purposefully. It does not mean that He hates His people, but examines them so that they realize their real personality. Look at Aksionov, after suffering for 26 years, he felt cozy peace when he forgave his enemy. The short story tells the readers must to be fa ithful in Go, in every moments of life, because He will bring justice to everysituation. By reading the whole story, the readers learn the power of forgiveness and its impact on offering inner peace. Moreover, they will learnt to be freed from being angry and shadowed with the world and having achieved inner peace. Tolstoy used a nice style in writing the story that interact the reader to read the whole story.The title is ambiguous that makes the reader to read the story so as to find the ambiguity. Throughout the short story, he pointed on some perspectives such as religion, society and politician. Through the characteristics of Aksionov, he viewed that people must believe in God and his power. And he pointed out that religious people should be gentle and calm in difficult situations. Furthermore, he showed us that some time you cannot use what you have in society. Aksionov was rich, he had two shops and a house, but at the end he couldnt use them and even lived with his family. I n addition, although he was innocent, but he and his wife couldnt boost the court because they did not have witness. Finally, the writer tells the reader that when people let someone down God will pick him up.

Irish Dancing: A Celtic Family Passion Essay

Every family has some wonderful tradition that they share with each other and the rest of their kindred spirits. Our family clenchs Irish bounce as our most near symphonyal tradition, and we share it amongst ourselves along with those in the world around us. Individuals who bring forth viewed Michael Flatleys, River dance or The Lord of the Dance, have heard the beautifully entrancing music and the approximately hyp nonic percussion nimbly played by the tapping of dancers feet.The swift and graceful front lines, colorful costumes and mystic aura that this Irish terpsichore traditions hold drop only be told best by those who have par draw offn in the event, danced the dance and been exclusivelyured by the caper of the sounds. The following writing will explore some of the invites of our familys Irish abuse dancing tradition, as well as how we share it with the public world. Irish dancing means a great apply to us because it serves as an expression of our ethnicity and of who we are as a family. The females of our kin begin their dance procreation early, at about the age of three to four years.Almost as soon as they can fit into the shimmering brocaded dresses and tiny tapping shoes, the young ladies eagerly take to their lessons. Each dance that they master acts almost like a rite of passage and many of the girls soon find themselves performing at pubic fairs, parades and even dancing competitions. We pride ourselves in our little dancers endeavors since as stated by Wulff, When it comes to Irish competitive dancing, the attempt to build character goes back to childhood and circles around the idea of theme identity(Wulff 2003, 186).Through this media we can express our particular ethnic heritage in the ever various United States. Younger and older generations practice together at family gatherings and put on a guide for everyone. Males of our family also receive encouragement to pursue the activity, but the accomplishment of the women ordina rily outshines them. In relation, the accomplishments of our Irish dancing heritage come with time, difficulty and dedication, in which our family takes pride. Irish dancing consists of rules of movement that do not make for an easy learning experience.To watch Irish dancers in competitions is to see how they must move in jumps with their backs straight, their ordnance tight to their sides and make it only appear that their legs do the work. Now imagine trying to do all of that and make a distinct rhythm with nimbly tapping feet. One of the proposed theories for why such strict rules of movement in Irish dancing exist states, Irish bodies have long been subjected to particularly stringent forms of deem by church and state, and within this context dancing has been deemed especially problematic(Dyck and Archetti 2003,5).Others believe that the Irish set of, proper manners plays a vital role in the dancing posture (Wulff 2003, 182). Either way, the expertness comes with hours of pr actice and dedication. Winning a public award for Irish dancing plays an important role in our family affairs. Those who have competed often travel around the nation at various times of the year, and many of us will travel with them to encourage and support their efforts. Award winners also usually have a whizz part in producing the dances for our family gatherings, as well as act as teachers to our younger dancers.Consequently, the type of dancing that has been spoken of thus far constitutes a type of Irish dancing called quantity dancing. in that location are also jigs, polkas and other genres of Irish dancing that we partake in. These less formal types of dance usually occur solely at family gatherings. None of our family members have pursued a professional learning experience or participated in competition in any of these other genres that we know of to date. However, just because we do not pursue them as vigorously as step dancing does not mean that they are not enjoyable.Fa mily events and competitions do not make up the entirety of our Irish dancers experiences. As mentioned previously, parades and fellowship events also don the list. Sometimes our family dancers put on shows for charitable causes, church functions and Irish festivals. All of the opportunities that expediency themselves help us express ourselves and our unique cultural heritage to our community. Also, as with the charitable causes, we have the opportunities us to use our talents help those in need.Performing for these community gatherings helps to inspire us as, and encourages our dancers to continue on with their cloggy practice. Concerning Irish step dancing, it has probably by far the most dynamic of the music structures of Irish dance genres. This is due to the fact that the tapping of the dancers feet give more intricate percussion to the established melodic rhythm. For example, Riverdance is usually associated with the crescendos of the contact section and the long Chorus L ine of Irish dancers pounding out their unison steps(Wulff 2003, 187).The sustain of such percussion centers on eliciting a powerful emotional reaction from audiences, aside from just impressing them with mingled dance steps. Irish dancers want their audiences to feel every note, every tap and every emotion that the music and dance combined can convey. As dancers, the goal revolves around letting others experience the heart and intellect they put into their activity with every pounding beat on the coiffe.Joining with several dancers on stage not only urges those feelings deeper into the hearts of the audience members it also gives them the sense of how the power of several individuals acting in unison can create a breathtaking experience. Acting together to create such a response in the audience helps dancers to recognize and appreciate the bonds of their ethnic heritage as well as their achievement in performance skills. Correspondingly, long evolution of Irish step dancing ha s taken infinite since Michael Flatley entered the spotlight.In his performances Irish step dancing takes on more fluid movements, rather than the rigid, hands-at-sides traditional postures. This supplement of the greater emotional expression using body movement caught on and made Irish step dancing quite popular. The outcome The response was extraordinary after the performance calls poured in from all over Europe for the video. A CD was recorded it sold out and the show was transformed into a full-length evening of dance and music, which swept London, radical York City, and the world.Today in towns and cities around U. S. boys and girls are taking up step-dancing in record numbers (Finnegan, and McCarron 2000, 394). Flatleys work has brought Irish step dancing to the forefront, romanticized it and possibly changed its channel in history as the popularity continues to grow. By and large as it can be seen, the magic and watch of our experiences in Irish dancing comes through t o our family from many sources. We gain a sense of nationality and cultural heritage from dancing with our fellow family members and other Irish step dancers.We take pride in our ethnic heritage as we perform for both charitable causes and competition, which inspires our public audiences. Not to mention that our familys field of musical tradition in turn has taken inspiring turns as Michael Flatleys performances have drawn immense amounts of attention and popularity. Overall, the intricate steps and emotional combination of music and movement in Irish step dancing has created for us a unique way for our family to continually appreciate our ethnic background and take pride in our heritage.Works CitedCarmichael, Jennifer. Re Interview questions. Email to Irish dancer. 9 July 2006. Dyck, Noel, and Eduardo P. Archetti, eds. Sport, Dance, and Embodied Identities /. New York Berg, 2003. Questia. 10 July 2006 . Finnegan, Richard B. , and Edward T. McCarron. Ireland Historical Echoes, Cont emporary Politics. Boulder, CO Westview Press, 2000. Questia. 10 July 2006

Challenges of Management Essay

Management is an consequential organ of the modern purchase order. The decisions of trouble in g everywherenment, business and in the raw(prenominal) boldnesss constitute a powerful sociable force which is vital to the effective execution of the contemporary society. Management is that organ of the society which is given the responsibility of making the productive use of preferences for the amelioration of the society. The term management is as well used to represent an organized body of knowledge which enables the ambitious executives to feign and master the skills needed to discharge their responsibilities effectively.This body of knowledge should not be taken as static. It should be studied in the light of socio- economical, governmental, educational and other lurchs. These changes make it appropriate (even mandatory) to re-examine the role of modem charabancs. new-fangled managers hasten the responsibility to devise the management practices to meet the new challe nges and make use of the opportunities for growth of the organization. transform is an important feature of modern organizations. Significant changes take signal every day in social, technological, political and other aspects of modern world.However, the recent spate of changes in the economies of the world caused, by creation of populace contend Organization (WTO), economic liberalization and trend towards globalization of economies deem brought many opportunities and threats for the modern organizations. No manager can afford to ignore such changes rather he has to make use of them to his advantage. In other words, he has no option, but to accept the challenges. To be successful, the manager must try to forecast the changes because of the following reasons i) The changes in business milieu entrust have a considerable impact on the system and practice of management.Experience that once provided a sense of security to preceding generations of managers may be of petite comf ort to future managers. New problems pass on arise which may render the old principles and practices of management old and call for evolving new theories and practices. (ii) The effective handling of change calls for latest knowledge and new skills on the factor of managers. Those who prepare themselves for challenges in the future go away find many opportunities for growth and involution of their business.During the last two decades, in that respect has been a phenomenal growth in Size and complexity of organizations in every field, be it Government, religious, educational, medical, military or business. In fact, an increasing proportion of all our activities occurs within the boundaries of these complex organizations and in that sense, we have proceed truly a organizational society. Management concepts and practices, organization social system and behavior have responded to these changing influences.This chapter aims at sketching out a framework for looking at the future of management of organizations and analyses the important forces at work in this regard. The important areas which would pull in challenges for the management are as follows 1. Social environment. 2. economical environment. 3. Technological environment. 4. Physical environment. 5. Political environment. 6. International environment. The trends of these environments and their relevance for the future manager are discussed below.universe Explosion. Population of our rural and of the world is increasing rapidly. This go away require new jobs, more products, new methods of mathematical product and distribution and new modes of living. The population mix pass on alike change. There bequeath be an cast up in the proportion of older concourse due to increase in the average life span. This entrust affect the demand for products of many organizations. b. Educational Level. The governments of various countries have been taking steps to eradicate illiteracy and to increase the edu cational level of their citizens.Educated consumers and workers pass on create very tough tasks for the organizations in future. It would bring forth really difficult to satisfy enlightened consumers whose behavior would not be predictable. The workers will be improve organized and compel the organizations to safeguard their interests and to allow them to have say in their management. c. Leisure Time. People will have more leisure time because of reduced working hours, change magnitude automation and quick performer of traffic and communication. The do of this trend are many and varied.For some people, more leisure time authority high spending in pursuits of leisure which will encourage the growth of tourism, firm food and pastime industries. For others, it means an opportunity for earning more by doing some part-time jobs. d. Public Opinion. Public Opinion near business will shape the attitudes of future managers. If the people have distrust in the market system, they wi ll prefer governed controls to free competition.The opinion is going to be very complex because of changes in values of society, increased world-wide competition, rise of consumerism use of industrial robots, etc. . Changes in Economic Environment (Globalization and Liberalization) the degree of resource exploitation will have a direct bearing on the economic environment and by this on the business. As is obvious from the present trends, physical environment will not remain confined to land only, but would extend to oceans and space also. In future, oceans will be developed via farming and minelaying operations and space flights and missions will concentrate on studying causes of changes in atmospheric conditions and finding re behaves of natural resources in land and water.Economic conditions in India are changing at a fast speed because of Governments policy of liberalization of industrial licensing and foreign direct enthronement and also the creation of World Trade Organiza tion (WTO). There is now increased emphasis on the globalization of economy. The Indian managers will have opportunities of raising capital from foreign markets, distribute their products internationally and start industries abroad. work competition will no longer be restricted to national boundaries. It will become international because of growth of multinational corporations.Big organizations will continue growing through diversifications and take-overs. Despite growth of big corporations, opportunities for small business will not be reduced. Small firms will be needed to serve as feeder to large ones and to supply non-standardized goods. All these will increase the complexity of decisions in the future. 3. Changes in Technological Environment Technological changes will affect management in the future in monetary value of heavy investment in technology, understanding the principles of production and their consistent application, and effects of technology on markets.In future, a ll big organizations will be actively engaged in technological forecasting. Automation and information technology will assume new proportions as discussed below (a) Automation. Automation has created several(prenominal) problems. Jobs have become routinized and unchallenging. Introduction of industrial robots has created a feeling of job insecurity among workers. Once industrial robots take over from workers, the primary task of the workers would be to set up production runs, to program the robots and to run them under reckoner control.Thus, future organizations will have highly automated man-machine systems. (b) Information Technology. There will be unique impact of computerized information systems on management. Firstly, there will be Use of electronic equipment to collect and function data. Secondly, Computers will help application of quantitative techniques to management Problems. Thirdly, there will be simulation of higher order thinking though computer programmers. Thus, im proved and innovative use of information technology would be an essential factor in future management. In view of the fact that information technology will challenge many long-established practices and doctrines, we will need to rethink some of the attitudes and Values which we have taken for granted.In particular. we may have to reappraise our traditional notions about the worth of the individual as opposed to the organization and about the mobility rights of young men. This kind of inquiry may be painfully difficult, but will be increasingly necessary. It may be noted that technological changes are not an independent force. They overlap the social changes . nd affect the organization relationships. For instance, improved technology would reduce total employment which will create social reactions. Further, the efficiency of managerial personnel and professionals like doctors, chartered accountants, engineers, etc. would increase considerably because of advancements in technology. 4. Changes in Physical Environment. Protection of ecology and maintenance of ecological balance has become a major issue these days. This is evident from the rise of several social groups against felling of trees for commercial use (chipko movement) and air, water and noise pollution.The society will no longer tolerate environmental pollution. The typical examples are closure of several tannery units in Kanpur by the unconditional Court as they were polluting the Holy Ganga and closure of several foundries around Taj Mahal by the Supreme Court as they were polluting the air leading to adverse effect on the whiteness of the national monument. The farming cannot allow tragedies like Bhopal Gas Leak Case, 1984 at Union Carbide to occur again. The growing awareness of the people about environment will pose problems before the managers.They will have to study the adverse effects of business operations on the environment and take suitable steps to check all kinds of pollution. Thus, th ere will be greater emphasis on the development of technology for pollution control and environmental restoration. 5. Changes in Political Environment. There will be greater Governments interference in business to safeguard the interest of workers, consumers and the public at large. Governments participation will also pose many challenges before management. The Government may restrict the scope of private sector in certain areas.It does not mean chances of co-operation between the Government and private sector are ruled out. In fact, there will be more and more joint sector enterprises. The fear of nationalization of the mismanaged units will continue. Financial institutions will not be silent spectators they will take active part in the policy formulation of the firms whom they have advanced funds. 6. Changes in International Environment. Several changes are taking place in the international environment which may have adverse or favorable impact on a particular business. For exampl e, the disintegration of U. S. S. R. aused great miseries for the Indian exporters in the early nineties. Not only their investment was blocked, further exports were also hindered. This compelled the Indian businessmen to explore new export markets. The managements will have to be alert in future to meet the challenges posed by international forces Because of liberalization of industrial licensing by developing nations and reduction of economic barriers between nations as a result of GAIT agreement 1993 several changes seem to be imminent in the near future. Multilateral take among the nations will increase.The role of World Trade Organisation1 I. M. F. , World Bank and other international institutions will change and a new economic order will take place leading to globalization of economies. EMERGING HORIZONS OF MANAGEMENT (Challenges before early Managers) The changing environment of business is likely to pose the following challenges before the future managers 1. Reconciliation of irrelevant Demands of Social Groups The organizations are expected to reconcile the conflicting demands of various stakeholders such as owners, employees, suppliers, customers, government and the community.The contendholders or owners of the business want the highest manageable return, the workers the highest possible wages, the consumers the goods at the lowest possible price and the Government wants the highest possible revenue. It would be the duty of management to bring about a compromise among the interests of various parties. The business managers will also have to take care of the expectations of the society such as higher quality, fair trade practices, maintenance of physical environment, etc. If they fail to meet the needs and expectations of the society, it will be rendered difficult for them to survive.The managements of organizations will also have to give due consideration to the human resources working with them. They will have to change their policies to give t he workers a greater say an influence in organizational functioning. Latent human ability is the almost valuable resource of the organization much more important than physical and financial resources. Increasingly, management will emphasize the importance of human resources and recognize that maintaining a viable psycho-social system is one of its most vital tasks.In other words, the organizations will have to decentralize authority, introduce flexibility in the structure and give sufficient freedom to individuals to take decisions to meet the social, economic and technological challenges successfully. 2. Economic Liberalization The liberalization of the Indian economy has posed the following challenges for the managers (a) Competition in the fast growing domestic market.variegation into the core and infrastructure sectorspower, telecoms, roads, ports, insurance, etc. hich was earlier reserved for the public sector (c) Raising Indias exports and share of the world trade. (d) Achi eving the vision of becoming India-based Multinational Corporation. 3. Globalization The world has become a small village, thank to the rapid means of transportation and telecommunications. Satellite transmission has widened the geographical markets. The countries have become interdependent, in scathe of technology, capital, purchases and sales.Global, companies buy from the cheapest markets and sell where they can get maximum prices. They carry on production in the country where cost of production is the minimum. In other words, globalization calls for reduction of costs, improvement of quality, expansion of markets and diversification into new areas and markets. Indian companies use not only imported components, but are also selling their ruined products to markets abroad. To take advantage of global markets, Indian companies are making strategic alliances with foreign companies. We have innovative i-Xerox, HPL-Olivetti, ICIM-Fuji, Kinetic Honda, etc.Global networking of supplie rs, distributors, technical collaborators, ad agencies, etc. is being created. The most successful companies will rely more and more on global integration and networking. 4. Expanding Operations of Business Organizations The changes in environment and technologies during the last four decades have compelled organizations to increase their scope and encompass additional activities. The development of big industrial houses with activities in a wide variety of industri4l fields is a typical example of such expansion of activities of organizations.Industrial giants have accumulated vast financial resources and spread their risks),y branching out into different areas of economic activity. To cope with the changing requirements, such organizations have developed new organizational structure with focus on planning, control and coordination. The managerial systems of these companies are substantially more flexible and dynamic than of the simplified single-product companies. Another panoram a of expanding frontiers of organizational activities is the spread of corporations outside the national boundaries. These corporations are known as multinational or international corporations.

Lucent Technologies Case

The financial statement for luminous Technologies is for family line 30, 2003 and 2004. After reviewing the balance sheet I could determine Lucent Technologies add up Assets had increased by 1,052 million. This shows Total summations are in an upward trend and the company has steadily built assets the last year and non decreased them. The companys goal is to raise lucre and one way of raising profits is to increase their assets. Total Liabilities defend decreased by 940 million. Total current liabilities have decreased oer the year while long term liabilities have increased.In 2003, Lucent Technologies debt to asset proportion was . 83 and in 2004 the debt to asset ratio was . 92 which means . 92 of Lucent Technologies assets were paid for by get money. What this shows is Lucent Technologies may pay a higher interest on money borrowed because their debt to asset ratio is so high. By reducing their debt load and controlling purchases the company can reduce their total debt to asset ratio. Companies acquiring too such(prenominal) debt may have trouble paying creditors which could force them into bankruptcy. Total shareowners dearth has decreased over the year.While the company is currently looking at a deficit, they are movement in an upward trend where shareholders could start receiving dividend payouts. Investors reviewing Lucent Technologies current balance sheet may have a hard time investing in the company as much of the assets owned by the company were purchased on credit. Creditors may loan Lucent Technologies money for future investments, but it would be at a higher interest rate as the current debt to asset ratio is high. Another difficulty creditors and investors may have with the current balance sheet is that Lucent Technologies is only providing them with information from one year. nevertheless though the balance sheet reflects improvements in company profits over the past year it doesnt provide creditors and investors with enough informat ion to make an informed decision. Creditors and investors would need financial statements for multiple years before investing in the company. By viewing the statement of cash melt downs, investors are able to determine how much cash comes in and goes out of the company during the year. It shows investors how the company is able to pay for its operations and future growth. Lucent Technologies provided a balance sheet for September 30, 2003 and 2004.There is limited value in the data provided by Lucent Technologies, for investors and creditors to make informative decisions before investing in or leading money to this company. another(prenominal) financial statements investors and creditors need to view are the income statement and the statement of cash flows. The income statement provides the revenue pull in minus expenses incurred over a specific period of time. Investors need to view the statement of cash flow to determine the increases and decreases in cash made by Lucent Techn ologies.

Globalization and the Impact of Supranational Organizations Essay

globalisation and the Impact of Supranational Organizations - Essay ExampleThe formation of the EU brought to becomeher countries in Western europium as well as those in Eastern Europe that had their allegiance to the communist regime in Russia. Therefore, the EU had great promise for it members and have achieved tremendous step in developing trade and commercialism among its member states and other geo semipolitical regions.2However, though the EU have reshaped the tradition geopolitical that existed during the Great warfare and World War II it has so many challenges, and its in the brink of disintegrating.3 The British for theoretical account has contemplated moving it country out of the EU because the institution undermine national interest for the interest of the Union. Moreover, gloomy economies such as Portugal, Greece and Denmark complain of unfairness in trade policies and exploitation of their market by better-looking economies in the EU.4I agree that the motive of the formation of the EU was to poster peace among the European countries that had worn out(p) long period fighting over bother disputes and annexation of new territories by strong nations.5 Therefore, political leaders believed that if country would cooperate to trade with each other there would be minimal incursion among nations and people would gear up to trade for their own benefit and that of their country.I concur that the EU appoint a community of nations and states that have varied cultural and national identities. However, the cultural and national differences are united under the umbrella of economic and political union. Therefore, the EU has enhanced integration as people get to know each other better and thus producing a stable social, economic and political Union. However, I agree that there are problem facing the EU from skepticism to suspicion, and this is threatening the future of the cosmos strongest economic integration.6I agree that the European Union was

Civil Protection Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 8000 words

Civil apology - Dissertation ExampleThere are also proposals and recommendations for the participation of the British society or companionship in gracious security measures. Bremberg (2010, p. 169) illustrates that these proposals emanate from the fact that government agencies and organizations cannot sufficiently manage crises without the help of the community. There is an explicit need for research based recommendations on the most appropriate approaches or strategies for civil shelter at bottom the region. Furthermore it is notable that there is no defining legal framework which defines civil testimonial in Britain. State initiatives in the establishment of policies and procedures for the mitigation of disasters and threats within the region are a civil protection requirement which requires to be addressed immediately. The importance or coordination and collaboration of states and all stakeholders in the civil protection processes demonstrates a need for the establishment of a specific body which would be mandated for coordinating civil protection activities. Community participation has also been generally low in civil protection in Britain. Issues of support and the involvement of nongovernmental organizations in civil protection are among other areas of concern. Aims and Objectives of the Study 1. To investigate the major disasters in Britain and their causes 2. To determine most appropriate chance assessment methodology for the major threats in Britain 3. To investigate the risk prevention strategies in civil protection and demonstrate the extent to which they are flexible and cost effectual 4. To find out the effectiveness of risk management policies as implemented by Britain. 5. To define the aim of various stakeholders in civil protection including the community, governing authorities and agencies and nongovernmental organizations 6. To evaluate the coordination and corporation of response groups in civil protection including the application of technology in enhancing collaboration and the associated efficiency of civil protection processes 7. To handle and recommend the most appropriate the disaster mitigation and recovery strategies Civil Protection Cook (2009, p. 29) defines civil protection as a collection of measures and processes of humanityitarian intent which views to protect the society and the surrounding against come-at-able threats, disasters and accident of various kinds. In civil protection, a disaster is a term which is used to cook up any interaction of people with adverse events which puts the population at a vulnerable position of peril or harm. These disastrous events would either be manmade or natural occurrences which pose a threat to human life and security. Pasa & Benacchio (2005) explain that the degree to which disasters make people vulnerable to harm varies depending on the source, cause or the nature of the disaster. The most prominent characteristic of a disaster is the fact that it lead s to a disruption of the average processes of the community while threatening the functioning of the society through the loss of lives, the environment and materials or property. The